Human-rights cases

Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Prohibition of torture;Degrading treatment);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-3 - Length of pre-trial detention);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-4 - Speediness of review);Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for family life)

Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Prohibition of torture;Degrading treatment);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Fair hearing);Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for private life);Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for family life)

Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Lawful arrest or detention);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Effective investigation) (Procedural aspect);Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Impartial tribunal);Violation of Article 10 - Freedom of expression - {general} (Article 10-1 - Freedom of expression);Violation of Article 2 of Protocol No. 7 - Right of appeal in criminal matters (Article 2 of Protocol No. 7 - Review of conviction)

Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Prohibition of torture;Degrading treatment);Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for private life);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect)

Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for correspondence;Respect for private life);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-3 - Length of pre-trial detention);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-4 - Speediness of review);Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Impartial tribunal);Violation of Article 13+8 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life;Article 8-1 - Respect for correspondence;Respect for private life);Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for home)

Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment;Inhuman treatment;Positive obligations) (Substantive aspect);Respondent State to take measures of a general character (Article 46-2 - General measures)

Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Prohibition of torture;Degrading treatment);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect)

Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Prohibition of torture;Degrading treatment);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect)

Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Prohibition of torture;Degrading treatment);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for private life);Violation of Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 - Right to free elections - {general} (Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 - Vote)

Remainder inadmissible (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-3-a) Manifestly ill-founded;Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment;Inhuman treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Deprivation of liberty;Article 5-1-e - Persons of unsound mind);Respondent State to take measures of a general character (Article 46-2 - General measures);Non-pecuniary damage - award (Article 41 - Non-pecuniary damage;Just satisfaction)

our findings and attempt to work with the Commonwealth to remedy those violations. In our many years of civil rights enforcement, the good faith efforts of State, County, and local 1 jurisdictions to work with us have routinely enabled us to resolve our claims without resort to contested litigation. Our Special Litigation Section and attorneys from United States Attorney's Offices for the Eastern and Western Districts of Kentucky will be handling this investigation. They will contact your office to discuss the next steps. Steven H. Rosenbaum, the Chief of the Special Litigation Section, may be reached at (202) 616-3244. Assistant Attorney General cc: Russell Coleman Attorney General Kentucky Travis Mayo General Counsel Office of the Kentucky Governor Randy White Commissioner Kentucky Department of Juvenile Justice Tonya Burton Superintendent Adair Regional Juvenile Detention Center Adair Youth Development Center Hope Smith Superintendent Boyd Regional Juvenile Detention Center Jason Little Superintendent Breathitt Regional Juvenile Detention Center Tom Milburn Superintendent Campbell Regional Juvenile Detention Center 2 Joe Caskey Superintendent Fayette Regional Juvenile Detention Center Donty Lear Superintendent Jefferson Regional Juvenile Detention Center Felicia Weatherspoon-Howe Superintendent McCracken Regional Juvenile Detention Center Kevin Foster Superintendent Warren Regional Juvenile Detention Center Paul McCaffrey First Assistant United States Attorney United States Attorney’s Office Eastern District of Kentucky Michael Bennett United States Attorney United States Attorney’s Office Western District of Kentucky 3

findings report details the supporting facts giving rise to those violations and the minimum remedial measures that we believe may remedy those alleged conditions. After carefully reviewing the evidence, we conclude that there is reasonable cause to believe that conditions in the Fulton County Jail violate the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments of the United State Constitution, the ADA, and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, 20 U.S.C. §§ 1400-1482. These violations are pursuant to a pattern or practice of resistance to the full enjoyment of rights protected by the Constitution and federal law. Specifically, we find that Fulton County and the Fulton County Sheriff's Office fail to protect people incarcerated at the Fulton County Jail from violence and harm by other incarcerated people in violation of the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments. We also find that Fulton County Jail deputies and detention officers use force against incarcerated people without adequate justification, in U niteo States Attorney Northern District of Georgia violation ofthe Fourteenth Amendment. We find that the living conditions in the Fulton County Jail are constitutionally inadequate and violate the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments. We further find that inadequate medical and mental health care in the Fulton County Jail exposes people to a substantial risk of serious harm in violation ofthe Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments. Moreover, we find that restrictive housing conditions in the Jail pose a substantial risk of serious harm, including acute mental illness and self-injury, in violation of the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments. We find that the Jail's restrictive housing practices discriminate against people with mental health disabilities in violation ofthe ADA, and that the Jail does not provide due process protections when imposing restrictive housing in violation ofthe Fourteenth Amendment. Finally, we find that the Jail fails to provide special education services to 17-year­ old boys and girls who are entitled to such services, in violation of the IDEA. The attached report details the supporting facts giving rise to the violations and the minimum remedial measures that we believe may remedy the alleged conditions. We hope to resolve this matter through a cooperative approach and look forward to working with Fulton County and the Fulton County Sheriffs Office to address the violations of law we have identified. The lawyers assigned to this investigation will contact counsel for the County and Sheriffs Office for such discussions. Please note that in the event we are unable to reach a resolution regarding our findings, CRIP A authorizes the Attorney General to initiate a lawsuit 49 days after issua~ce of this notice letter to correct the alleged conditions we have identified. 42 U.S.C. § 1997b(a)(l). Please also note that this notice letter and accompanying report are public documents. They will be posted on the Civil Rights Division's website. If you have any questions regarding this correspondence, please contact Regan Rush, Acting Chief of the Special Litigation at (202) 532-5675. Sincerely, Assistant Attorney General Civil Rights Division cc: Y. Soo Jo County Attorney 2 Colonel Jarrett Gorlin Chief Jail er Attachment: Report oflnvestigation of the Fulton County Jail 3

Juvenile Justice CRIPA matter — J.B.H. v. Knox County, Illinois. Status: Statement of Interest.

Juvenile Justice CRIPA matter — Community Legal Aid Society, Inc. v. Adult & Prison Education Resources Workgroup, Delaware. Status: Statement of Interest.

our findings and attempt to work with the State to remedy those violations. In our many years of civil rights enforcement, the good faith efforts of jurisdictions to work with us have routinely enabled us to resolve our claims without resorting to contested litigation. 1 Our Special Litigation Section and attorneys from the United States Attorney’s Office for the Middle District of Tennessee will be handling this investigation. They will contact your office to discuss the next steps. Steven H. Rosenbaum, the Chief of the Special Litigation Section, may be reached at (202) 616-3244. Sincerely, Kristen Clarke Assistant Attorney General cc: Jonathan Skrmetti Attorney General Tennessee Erin Merrick Chief Legal Counsel Governor’s Office Frank Strada Commissioner Tennessee Department of Correction Vince Vantrell Warden Trousdale Turner Correctional Center 2

FINDINGS The United States provides notice of the following identified conditions: • Protection from harm: Children in TJJD’s secure facilities are often exposed to excessive physical and chemical force. Children also spend prolonged periods of time in isolation, under stark conditions and without access to adequate mental health and educational services. And children endure sexual abuse by both staff and other children. These conditions cause children serious harm and violate the Constitution. • Mental health care: Children in TJJD’s secure facilities do not receive adequate mental health assessments, treatment planning, and counseling services. TJJD also fails to provide adequate substance use disorder treatment and treatment for children who engage in self-harm or have suicidal thoughts. TJJD’s response to children’s behavior exposes children to excessive force and isolation. These deficiencies in mental health services violate the Constitution. • Special education: Children with disabilities in TJJD’s secure facilities do not receive a free appropriate public education. Special education services are not individualized to meet learning needs; fail to include specially designed instruction, behavioral supports, related services, and transition services; and are based on outdated information about children’s needs. Without appropriate services, children with disabilities cannot access the 1 20 U.S.C. §§ 1400–1482. 2 42 U.S.C. § 12132. 3 Id. § 1997 et seq. As discussed below, DOJ conducted this investigation by its authority under both CRIPA and the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, 34 U.S.C. § 12601. 4 general education curriculum, preventing meaningful progress. Each of these failures violates the IDEA. • Discriminating against children with disabilities: Children with disabilities in TJJD’s secure facilities do not receive reasonable modifications to complete programs required for their release. Instead, children are expelled from programming due to disability-related behavior and required to repeat it, prolonging their time in TJJD’s custody or resulting in their transfer to prison. TJJD also denies children with disabilities an equal opportunity to benefit from education. Both practices violate the ADA. The negative impact of these violations is mutually exacerbating. Children in TJJD’s secure facilities are exposed to conditions that cause serious and lasting physical, mental, and emotional harm. At the same time, they are denied treatment and services they need to cope with their environment, earn release, return to their communities, and become productive citizens. This harmful environment undermines any rehabilitative purpose in their commitment. 5 Gainesville Ron Jackson 8 Mart 8 Giddings 8 BACKGROUND TJJD is a centralized statewide agency that includes five secure facilities subject to our investigation: (1) E vins Regional Juvenile Center in Edinburg, Texas; (2) Gainesville State School in Gainesville, Texas; (3) Giddings State School in Giddings, Texas; (4) McLennan County State Juvenile Correctional Facility (Mart) in Mart, Texas; and (5) Ron Jackson State Juvenile Correctional Complex in Brownwood, Texas.4 TJJD’s administration conducts oversight, provides resources, and sets systemwide policies for secure care. Children are often moved between the facilities to access specialized treatment programs housed in specific facilities.5 TJJD leadership also shifts services from one facility to another.6 Figure 1: Map of Texas showing the locations of TJJD’s five secure facilities Hundreds of children are confined in TJJD’s secure facilities every year. These facilities house children ages ten to nineteen. A Texas county juvenile court commits 4 Aside from the five secure facilities, TJJD operates four halfway houses and a probat

FINDINGS The United States provides notice of the following conditions in Georgia’s prisons: • Protection from Violence and Harm: The State fails to protect incarcerated people from violence and harm by other incarcerated people in violation of the Eighth Amendment. • Protection from Sexual Harm: The State fails to protect incarcerated people from harm caused by sexual violence in violation of the Eighth Amendment. The State also fails to adequately protect people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) from a substantial risk of serious harm from sexual violence and abuse by staff and other incarcerated people. The State is deliberately indifferent to these unsafe conditions. The constitutional violations are exacerbated by serious deficiencies in staffing and supervision, physical condition and security of the facilities, classification and housing, management of gangs and other security threat groups, control of weapons and other contraband, and incident reporting, response, and investigations. The State has known about the unsafe conditions for years and has failed to take reasonable measures to address them. 3

Remainder inadmissible (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-1) Exhaustion of domestic remedies;No violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment;Inhuman treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Deprivation of liberty;Procedure prescribed by law);Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for private life);Violation of Article 10 - Freedom of expression - {general} (Article 10-1 - Freedom of expression);Violation of Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 - Protection of property (Article 1 para. 1 of Protocol No. 1 - Peaceful enjoyment of possessions;Article 1 para. 2 of Protocol No. 1 - Control of the use of property);Pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage - award (Article 41 - Non-pecuniary damage;Pecuniary damage;Just satisfaction)

Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Deprivation of liberty;Lawful arrest or detention;Article 5-1-b - Secure fulfilment of obligation prescribed by law;Article 5-1-c - Criminal offence)

Preliminary objections dismissed (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art 35-1) Four-month period (former six-month);Preliminary objection dismissed (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-3-a) Ratione loci;Preliminary objection dismissed (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-3-a) Ratione personae;Remainder inadmissible (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-3-a) Manifestly ill-founded;Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Lawful arrest or detention;Procedure prescribed by law;Article 5-1-a - After conviction;Article 5-1-c - Bringing before competent legal authority) (Russia);No violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Lawful arrest or detention;Procedure prescribed by law;Article 5-1-a - After conviction;Article 5-1-c - Bringing before competent legal authority) (Georgia);Violation of Article 6+6-3-c - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Fair hearing;Impartial tribunal;Independent tribunal;Tribunal established by law) (Article 6 - Right to a fair trial;Article 6-3 - Rights of defence;Article 6-3-c - Defence through legal assistance) (Russia);No violation of Article 6+6-3-c - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Fair hearing;Impartial tribunal;Independent tribunal;Tribunal established by law) (Article 6 - Right to a fair trial;Article 6-3 - Rights of defence;Article 6-3-c - Defence through legal assistance) (Georgia);Non-pecuniary damage - award (Article 41 - Non-pecuniary damage;Just satisfaction)

Preliminary objection dismissed (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-3-a) Ratione loci;Preliminary objection dismissed (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-3-a) Ratione personae;Violation of Article 38 - Examination of the case - {general} (Article 38 - Obligation to furnish all necessary facilities);Violation of Article 2 - Right to life (Article 2-1 - Life;Article 2-2 - Use of force) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 2 - Right to life (Article 2-1 - Effective investigation) (Procedural aspect);Non-pecuniary damage - award (Article 41 - Non-pecuniary damage;Just satisfaction)

SPT visit report for Australia, doc symbol CAT/OP/AUS/ROSP/1. Published 19 Dec 2023. Full text at the linked URL.

Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Prohibition of torture;Degrading treatment);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-3 - Length of pre-trial detention);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-5 - Compensation)

No violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment;Inhuman treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Effective investigation) (Procedural aspect)

No violation of Article 6+6-3-b - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Fair hearing) (Article 6-3-b - Adequate facilities;Article 6-3-d - Examination of witnesses;Article 6 - Right to a fair trial)

Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-3 - Length of pre-trial detention);Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Reasonable time);Violation of Article 13+6-1 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 6 - Right to a fair trial;Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Reasonable time)

Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Civil proceedings;Article 6-1 - Reasonable time);Violation of Article 13+6-1 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 6 - Right to a fair trial;Article 6-1 - Reasonable time)

Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment;Inhuman treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Prohibition of torture;Degrading treatment;Inhuman treatment);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-3 - Reasonableness of pre-trial detention);Violation of Article 6+6-3-b - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Fair hearing) (Article 6 - Right to a fair trial;Article 6-3 - Rights of defence;Article 6-3-b - Adequate facilities);Violation of Article 6+6-3-c - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Fair hearing) (Article 6 - Right to a fair trial;Article 6-3-c - Defence through legal assistance);Violation of Article 6+6-3-d - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Fair hearing) (Article 6 - Right to a fair trial;Article 6-3-d - Witnesses);Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for private life);Violation of Article 13+8-1 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life;Article 8-1 - Respect for private life)

Violation of Article 11 - Freedom of assembly and association (Article 11-1 - Freedom of peaceful assembly);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Lawful arrest or detention);Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Impartial tribunal);Violation of Article 2 of Protocol No. 7 - Right of appeal in criminal matters (Article 2 of Protocol No. 7 - Review of conviction)

Remainder inadmissible (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-3-a) Ratione materiae;Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for private life);Pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage - award (Article 41 - Non-pecuniary damage;Pecuniary damage;Just satisfaction)

Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Effective investigation) (Procedural aspect)

Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Reasonable time);Violation of Article 13+6-1 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 6 - Right to a fair trial;Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Reasonable time)

Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Civil proceedings;Article 6-1 - Reasonable time);Violation of Article 13+6-1 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 6 - Right to a fair trial;Civil proceedings;Article 6-1 - Reasonable time)

Preliminary objection allowed (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-1) Exhaustion of domestic remedies;Remainder inadmissible (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-1) Exhaustion of domestic remedies;(Art. 35-3-a) Manifestly ill-founded;No violation of Article 11 - Freedom of assembly and association (Article 11-1 - Freedom of association)

Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Degrading treatment;Prohibition of torture);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment;Inhuman treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Degrading treatment;Inhuman treatment;Prohibition of torture);Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for private life);Violation of Article 13+8-1 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 8-1 - Respect for private life;Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 6+6-3-c - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Fair hearing) (Article 6 - Right to a fair trial;Article 6-3-c - Defence through legal assistance)

Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment;Inhuman treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for private life);Violation of Article 13 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy);Violation of Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 - Right to free elections - {general} (Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 - Vote)

Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Lawful arrest or detention);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-3 - Length of pre-trial detention);Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Impartial tribunal);Violation of Article 10 - Freedom of expression - {general} (Article 10-1 - Freedom of expression);Violation of Article 11 - Freedom of assembly and association (Article 11-1 - Freedom of peaceful assembly);Violation of Article 11 - Freedom of assembly and association (Article 11-1 - Freedom of peaceful assembly);Violation of Article 4 of Protocol No. 7 - Right not to be tried or punished twice - {general} (Article 4 of Protocol No. 7 - Right not to be tried or punished twice);Violation of Article 2 of Protocol No. 7 - Right of appeal in criminal matters (Article 2 of Protocol No. 7 - Review of conviction)

Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Reasonable time);Violation of Article 13+6-1 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 6 - Right to a fair trial;Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Reasonable time)

Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Lawful arrest or detention);Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Impartial tribunal);Violation of Article 10 - Freedom of expression - {general} (Article 10-1 - Freedom of expression);Violation of Article 11 - Freedom of assembly and association (Article 11-1 - Freedom of peaceful assembly);Violation of Article 2 of Protocol No. 7 - Right of appeal in criminal matters (Article 2 of Protocol No. 7 - Review of conviction)

Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Civil proceedings;Article 6-1 - Reasonable time);Violation of Article 13+6-1 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 6 - Right to a fair trial;Civil proceedings;Article 6-1 - Reasonable time)