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Photo by VCU Libraries Commons via Wikimedia Commons (No restrictions)
Photo by The Library of Virginia via Wikimedia Commons (No restrictions)
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Closed prison in Richmond, Virginia, US
Virginia State Penitentiary was a prison in [Richmond, Virginia. Towards the end of its life it was a part of the Virginia Department of Corrections.
First opening in 1800, the prison was completed in 1804; it was built due to a reform movement preceding its construction.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_State_Penitentiary#cite_note-1) Thomas Jefferson initiated these reforms and submitted an initial design which was not constructed.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_State_Penitentiary#cite_note-2) The original building was the first American design of Benjamin Henry Latrobe, who later designed the U.S. Capitol building.[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_State_Penitentiary#cite_note-3) In the early 19th-century, the penitentiary operated a nail factory that was staffed by its prisoners. It was in direct competition with Thomas Jefferson's nail factory and Catharine Flood McCall's Alexandria factory that were staffed by enslaved and free laborers. The Penitentiary became profitable in 1807 from prisoner-made nails and other products.
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